Niam, Txiv Quaj, Kuv Yog Kev Hloov Pauv!? Tshooj 2

2024 Tus sau: Harry Day | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 15:46

Thiab tam sim no, raws li cov lus xaus luam tawm hauv thawj feem ntawm kab lus no, peb yuav tsim cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txawv mus rau kev yoog raws.

Mus kom ze rau qhov sib koom ncaj ntawm niam txiv nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov kho ntawm tus menyuam mus rau qib pib

TSEV KAWM NTAWV 1. Tus menyuam tseem nyob hauv pab pawg thawj zaug ntawm kev hloov pauv nrog niam txiv. Ua ke QHOV TSEEB dhau kev paub nrog tus kws qhia, nrog chav pab pawg, nrog rau kev tswj hwm, nrog cov ntsiab lus thiab koom nrog kev noj mov, chav kawm. Ua ke nrog niam txiv ib txoj kev kho maj mam tsim los rau tus menyuam thawj lub lim tiam (ib mus rau ob lub lis piam) ntawm nws nyob hauv ib lub tsev kawm preschool.

Nws tau paub tias cov menyuam hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos tsis tuaj yeem ua si ua ke, feem ntau lawv yuav "nyob ze", tab sis tsis yog "ua ke", tab sis kev sib raug zoo thiab sib raug zoo ntawm lub hnub nyoog no tau tsim los nrog cov neeg laus - nrog niam, txiv, pog thiab lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub sijhawm pib hloov kho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los tsim kev sib cuag ntawm tus menyuam thiab cov neeg laus tshiab hauv pab pawg, piv txwv li. hauv tus kws qhia ntawv. Nws yog nws leej twg ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab lees txais tus menyuam txog tam sim no.

Feem ntau, tag nrho kev hloov kho lub sijhawm ntev rau cov menyuam sib txawv hauv ntau txoj kev, nws tshwm sim tias nws mus txog 6 lub hlis. IN ntawm qhov nruab nrab, hauv menyuam yaus, lub sijhawm hloov pauv los ntawm ib mus rau 2 hlis … Ntxiv mus, thaum siv txoj hauv kev tawm tes ncaj qha, lub sijhawm hloov kho tau nce ntxiv. (Kev hloov kho tus menyuam mus rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm qib kawm kindergarten: kev tswj txheej txheem, kuaj mob, cov lus pom zoo. - Volgograd: Xib Hwb, 2008. - 188 p.). Yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim txawm tias tom qab 2 lub hlis ntawm kev kawm qib kindergarten, tom qab ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm qib siab - kws qhia ntawv, kws kho mob hlwb, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, niam txiv yog qhov tsim nyog.

Cov menyuam yaus sib txawv, thiab yog tias koj tus menyuam pom koj tawm mus tsis qhia kev tawm tsam thawj zaug ntawm kev hloov pauv, tom qab ntawd koj yuav tso koj tus menyuam nyob ib leeg. Tab sis koj yuav tsum lees tias hauv ib lossis ob hnub koj tus kheej tseem tsis tau siv tag nrho rau cov neeg tshiab, piv txwv li, rau pab pawg, thaum koj pib txoj haujlwm tshiab. Koj kuj xav tau ib txog rau ob lub lis piam txhawm rau nkag siab ib puag ncig tshiab, thaum nco ntsoov tias koj yog neeg laus thiab koj feem ntau yuav paub nrog cov txuj ci ntawm kev tsim kom muaj kev sib cuag tshiab hauv pab pawg loj lossis me, thiab koj tus menyuam yuav ntsib ib puag ncig zoo ib yam feem ntau yuav yog thawj zaug.

Yog li, koj nyob hauv thawj lub sijhawm hloov kho, uas yog ib mus rau ob lub lis piam, tej zaum yuav tsum tau ua. Tsuas yog koj tus menyuam pom zoo rau koj qhov kev saib xyuas, ces koj tuaj yeem tawm mus.

TSEV KAWM NTAWV 2. Cov niam txiv yeej tsis tso lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thaum lub sijhawm hloov kho, yam tsis xav ntsib nrog tus menyuam. Peb ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib cais sib cais - qhov no yog thaum tus menyuam pom zoo rau koj qhov kev ncaim nws tus kheej

Thaum lub sijhawm sib cais los txog, txawm tias txhua yam twb ua tau zoo ua ntej thiab tus menyuam twb tau coj tus yam ntxwv txaus siab thiab nyob ntsiag to hauv ib puag ncig tshiab, tus menyuam yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab dua. Koj yuav zoo li yuav tsum tau ntsib lub kua muag ib yam. Kev ntshai ntsig txog hnub nyoog yuav ua rau lawv tus kheej xav. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tau paub yog tias cov kev ntshai no yuav tsis muaj lub zog loj li no ntxiv lawm lossis lawv yuav tsis muab tso rau ntawm tus menyuam lub siab lub ntsws nyob hauv ib txheej zuj zus. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev ntshai los ntawm tus menyuam yuav tsawg dua. Tus menyuam twb paub nrog leej twg, thiab nws nyob qhov twg, thiab nrog cov txheej txheem nws yuav tau ntsib.

Vim li cas koj tseem yuav tsum tau tos kom koj tus menyuam tso cai tawm mus. Vim tias, menyuam yuav tsum paub tseeb tias koj yuav rov qab los! Kuv tau sau txog qhov no kom ntxaws ntxiv hauv thawj kab lus thematic.

Feem ntau nws yuav tsis xav koom nrog koj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 2 txog 3 lossis 3, 5 xyoos. Los ntawm 2 txog 3 xyoos - kev xav nrog niam txiv tseem muaj zog heev. Ib qho ntxiv, hnub nyoog kwv yees li 3 xyoos yog lub sijhawm muaj xwm txheej thaum cov menyuam hla dhau qhov teeb meem kev txhim kho hnub nyoog, uas nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej coj ntau yam kev hloov pauv hauv tus menyuam lub siab, thiab cuam tshuam nrog kev ntxhov siab ntxiv rau nws (kev xav tsis txaus ntseeg, kev xav tsis zoo nce ntxiv, tawv ncauj) nce, thiab lwm yam))). Lub sijhawm no, cov kws paub txog kev puas siab ntsws tsis pom zoo xa menyuam mus kawm qib kindergarten. Tab sis, hmoov tsis zoo, ntau tus niam txiv raug yuam kom xa lawv tus menyuam mus kawm qib pib nyob rau lub hnub nyoog no vim xav tau kom tau txais kev ua neej nyob, raws li leej niam mus txog qhov kawg ntawm kev yug menyuam tawm.

Txawm hais tias tus menyuam hais lus rau nws niam: "Bye", qhov no twb txhais tau tias nws tau npaj los ntsib yam tshiab hauv nws lub neej. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws nkag siab qhov xwm txheej uas nws yuav tsum tau koom nrog koj, thiab txawm hais tias nws tsis lees txais, qhov chaw ntawm cov tsev kawm qib pib tau paub rau nws, paub cov menyuam yaus lub ntsej muag, tus kws qhia paub, thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, nws paub tias koj yuav rov qab los, tos nws. Thiab qhov no twb yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev ywj pheej, mus rau qhov tig ntawm tus menyuam txoj kev xav ntawm kev daws teeb meem teeb meem ntawm kev yoog raws.

TSEV KAWM NTAWV 3. Thaum lub sijhawm sib cais, peb sim tsis txhob nyob twj ywm, yog tias lub sijhawm sib cais tshwm sim tom qab dhau lub sijhawm pib ntawm kev hloov pauv

Nws yog qhov tseeb uas kuv tsis tau ncua ntawm kev faib uas lawv xav tau los ntawm kuv thaum kuv tus ntxhais nyob thawj zaug hauv pab pawg menyuam yaus. Cov lus nug yog, thaum twg yuav tsum ua raws li txoj cai no? Yog tias tus menyuam twb paub txog qhov xwm txheej no thiab tau dhau thawj 1-2 lub lis piam ntawm kev hloov pauv, hauv qib pib nws yooj yim heev thiab yooj yim nrog koj, tom qab ntawd nws zoo dua tsis txhob ncua kev sib cais. Tam sim no tus menyuam tseem yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab thaum nrog koj, uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws lub hnub nyoog thiab xwm txheej, tab sis koj lub xub ntiag thiab kev sib cais ntev hauv qhov no tsuas yog ua rau muaj kev nruj. Pom zoo, tus menyuam uas nyuam qhuav pib quaj tau yooj yim dua li tus menyuam uas twb tau tawg ua rau quaj quaj. Tom qab ntawd, thaum koj twb paub tseeb tias tus menyuam paub ntau txog dab tsi yuav tshwm sim rau nws, tom qab ntawv kev sib cais ntev li ntawd tsis xav tau.

Cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws qhia tias tus menyuam twb maj mam thiab ntseeg tau yoog raws qhov xwm txheej tshiab, koj tuaj yeem sau npe hauv qab no:

1) Tom qab koj nrog koj nyob, tus menyuam tsis txhob quaj thiab quaj;

2) Txawm hais tias tus menyuam tsis quaj, nws tsis txav deb ntawm cov txheej txheem dav dav, piv txwv li tus me nyuam tsis zaum ntawm kaum thaum nruab hnub thiab tsis yog tus neeg soj ntsuam xwb. Feem ntau tsis hloov pauv me nyuam zaum sib nrug ntawm lub rooj zaum siab, lossis qee qhov hauv lub ces kaum, lossis ze lub qhov rais, mob siab rau saib rau lawv niam lawv txiv;

3) Tom qab ntawd, thaum koj rov qab tuaj tos tus menyuam, nws zoo siab los ntawm kev ntsib koj. Txawm hais tias koj tus menyuam tseem tsis tau tham lossis tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv qib pib, nws zoo siab thiab zoo siab tos txais qhia tias ua ntej ntawd nws tsis muaj dab tsi txhawj txog, thiab nws lub siab kuj zoo ib yam thiab. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev ntxhov siab thaum nyob hauv lub vaj raug txo.

Cov niam txiv feem ntau hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem ua raws txoj hauv kev no hauv lawv cov tsev kawm qib siab, uas yog lawv raug ncaws tawm hauv tsev kawm qib pib. Txhawm rau pab koj, kuv tsuas tuaj yeem hais txog txoj cai lij choj uas nws yog koj tus kheej txoj cai koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem no. Siv txoj cai no twb yog koj xaiv lawm. Kuv tseem tuaj yeem kos koj cov xim rau qee cov ntsiab lus.

Raws li txoj cai lij choj ntawm Ukraine "Txog kev kawm preschool" (ntu 6, kab lus 27), cov neeg koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem kev kawm hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev kawm preschool yog: cov menyuam hnub nyoog kawm preschool, cov kws qhia thiab lawv cov pab, tus thawj coj (lossis nws tus lwm) ntawm lub tsev haujlwm, niam txiv lossis tus neeg uas hloov lawv! Cov niam txiv - peb yog cov neeg koom nrog hauv txoj kev kawm hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev kawm preschool.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias muaj qee yam cuam tshuam koj hauv txoj kev kawm ntawm koj tus menyuam hauv qib pib, qhov no yog koj li txoj cai thiab lub luag haujlwm koom tes daws qhov teeb meem no nrog lwm tus neeg koom hauv txoj haujlwm no.

Koj tuaj yeem hnov ntau qhov kev xav lossis nqe lus uas peb yuav nrhiav cov lus teb ua ntej.

1) “Cov pab pawg twb dhau los lawm, thiab koj tshwj xeeb cuam tshuam nrog tus kws qhia ntawv txhawm rau daws nws cov haujlwm. Lwm tus menyuam tsuas yog mob siab rau koj."

Kuv yuav teb cov lus no raws li hauv qab no. Yog li, nws tsis yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv rau koj tus menyuam txhawm rau txhim kho hauv tsev kawm preschool yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau nws lub siab thiab kev noj qab haus huv? Nov yog thawj zaug thiab ib qho ntawm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv raws li tib txoj cai lij choj ntawm Ukraine "On Preschool Education". Tus cwj pwm ntawm ib tus menyuam yaus qhia txog tus cwj pwm rau pab pawg menyuam yaus. Ntxiv mus, koj yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem dav dav, tus menyuam ua ke nrog koj yuav nyob ntsiag to hauv txhua qhov xwm txheej, vim tias nws nyob hauv koj txoj kev tiv thaiv. Thiab lwm tus menyuam yuav tsis raug cuam tshuam los ntawm koj tus menyuam thaum nws tsis quaj thiab quaj.

2) "Chaw nres tsheb huv si txwv tsis pub muaj niam txiv nyob hauv thaj chaw kawm qib pib"

Ua tib zoo nug tus kws kho mob kom qhia ntu no ntawm txoj cai lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas nws raug txwv. Yog tias koj muaj kev noj qab haus huv nrog qhov xav tau yooj yim, koj tuaj yeem koom ua ib pab pawg. Feem ntau, cov kev xav tau yooj yim rau kev nyob hauv pab pawg me nyuam yaus tau piav qhia hauv tsab cai lij choj ntawm lub tsev kawm preschool. Koj tuaj yeem nug kom nyeem lawv thiab ua raws lawv. Yuav tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab nyob rau hauv lawv - koj yuav tsum tau ua fluorogram lossis muab daim ntawv pov thawj hais tias koj muaj ib qho, feem ntau yuav yog, koj yuav tsum tau hloov pauv khau thiab hnav khaub ncaws hnav - niaj hnub no yam khoom siv luv tau muag yuav luag txhua lub tsev muag tshuaj.

3) Vim li cas koj thiaj cuam tshuam rau hauv txheej txheem kev kawm ntawm qib pib?

Kuv twb tau hais los saum no tias txheej txheem no yog kev sib koom ua haujlwm lossis kev muaj tswv yim ntawm ob niam txiv thiab kws qhia ntawv. Thiab qhov no tsis yog txoj hauv kev ntawm ib tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev kawm thiab kev txhawb nqa, qhov kev txiav txim siab no tau muab rau peb los ntawm lub xeev, thiab, yog li ntawd, muaj nws tus kheej qhov hnyav rau hnub no.

Nyob zoo cov niam txiv, Kuv tseem xav kom koj ua tib zoo mloog qhov tseeb tias, txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau kuv los piav qhia kuv txoj hauv kev kom hloov mus rau qib kindergarten, Kuv tau ntseeg ruaj khov tias nws yog kuv txoj cai thiab coj ncaj ncees thiab taug kev mus rau kuv lub hom phiaj. Kuv kuj tau sim mloog cov kev paub dhau los ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv, vim tias lawv cov kev paub tau raug lees paub ntau xyoo, thiab zoo li txhua tus neeg, lawv kuj muaj txoj cai xav sib txawv.

Kuv xav tias yog vim li cas kuv thiaj tswj tau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ntau. Kuv lees txim, nws tsis yooj yim rau kuv lossis rau cov kws qhia ntawv, tab sis qee yam tshiab yog ib txwm muaj kev nyuaj nrog qee qhov nyuaj. Tej zaum koj yuav ntsib ntau qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv koj txoj kev coj, tab sis thov sim ua tib zoo mloog qhov koj tau hais. Niaj hnub no, txoj hauv kev ntawm kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha ntawm niam txiv hauv kev muaj tiag yog qhov hloov pauv me ntsis, nws nyuaj heev los siv nws hauv peb cov tsev kawm qib pib. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj, tab sis kuv yuav sau tsawg kawg qee qhov tseem ceeb:

1) Vim tias tsis muaj cov tsev kawm preschool rau pej xeem, cov pab pawg hauv tsev kawm qib siab tau dhau los ua neeg coob. Qhov no yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb, pab pawg muaj 30-35 tus neeg, qee zaum ntau dua, txawm hais tias tus qauv xav tau muab rau pawg ntawm kwv yees li 20 tus neeg. Rau tus kws qhia ntawv, qhov no kuj yog, rau qee qhov, cov xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev hauv lawv los ua txhua yam raws li qhov tsim nyog, qee zaum, nws yooj yim heev. Qee zaum nws nyuaj rau peb cov niam txiv los daws peb tus menyuam ib leeg, tab sis yuav hais li cas thaum tus neeg saib xyuas mob siab rau tawg rau 35 tus menyuam uas tsis nkag siab? Tau kawg, hauv cov xwm txheej no, pab pawg hloov kho tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau tsim nyob hauv qhov tshwj xeeb tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam tshiab. Tau kawg, qee yam yuav tsum tau ua tiav ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tab sis cov no twb yog lus nug rau lub xeev uas peb nyob.

2) Kev Ncaj Ncees Tsis Ncaj Ncees yog txoj hauv kev uas tau nkag siab ntau xyoo. Qhov tseeb, menyuam yaus hloov pauv nrog txoj hauv kev no, tab sis nrog qhov tshwm sim dab tsi - qhov teeb meem no tsis tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev kawm thaum ub. Lawm, txhua yam qub thiab nkag siab tsis txaus siab ntsib qhov tshiab.

Txawm li cas los xij, kuv tseem nyob, nrog rau qhov muaj qhov hnyav txaus rau qhov qub mus kom ze rau kev hloov pauv, tus txhawb nqa niam txiv kev cuam tshuam hauv cov txheej txheem hloov kho. Yog lawm, kev qhia txog txoj hauv kev tshiab yog qhov nyuaj heev, tab sis nws yog qhov tseeb kiag tias nws tsim nyog! Thiab yog tias peb pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem qub, thiab txawm tias poob qis los tsis txav mus rau qhov tshiab, nws txhais tau tias peb tau txi kev noj qab haus huv lub hlwb, uas yog sib npaug rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm peb cov menyuam. Kuv tsis pom zoo rau qhov no, thiab cia qhov kev hloov pauv muaj qhov nyuaj - cov no yog cov teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau daws.

Ib ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Gestalt kev xav yog qhov nthuav hauv qhov no. Qhov kev hloov pauv zoo tshaj plaws ib txwm tuaj nrog teeb meem thiab tsis xis nyob. Xijpeem! Tom qab tag nrho, nws zoo heev thaum, piv txwv li, koj tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv, qhov no yog lub sijhawm zoo siab thiab zoo siab rau ob tus menyuam thiab niam txiv, tab sis, txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav muaj ntau yam teeb meem tshiab thiab kev txhawj xeeb.

Kuv yuav hais qhov no, yog tias koj xav hloov pauv, npaj rau qhov nyuaj. Tsuas yog cov teeb meem thiab teeb meem no tuaj yeem nkag siab yooj yim raws li cov haujlwm tshiab

Thiab yog tias koj sim, nce lub zog thiab ua siab ntev, Kuv paub tseeb tias koj thiab koj tus menyuam yuav ua tiav hauv koj rooj plaub, koj tuaj yeem hais txog koj tsev neeg zoo li no: "Niam, txiv zoo siab, Kuv yog tus hloov pauv!".